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Francis II Rákóczi ((ハンガリー語:II. Rákóczi Ferenc), (:ˈraːkoːt͡si ˈfɛrɛnt͡s); 27 March 1676 in Borsi, Royal Hungary (now Borša, Slovakia) – 8 April 1735 in Tekirdağ, Ottoman Empire) was a Hungarian nobleman〔"(Hungary )," Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2008. (Archived ) 2009-10-31.〕 and leader of the Hungarian uprising against the Habsburgs in 1703-11 as the prince (''fejedelem'') of the Estates Confederated for Liberty of the Kingdom of Hungary. He was also Prince of Transylvania, an Imperial Prince, and a member of the Order of the Golden Fleece. Today he is considered a national hero in Hungary. His full title was: ''Franciscus II. Dei Gratia Sacri Romani Imperii & Transylvaniae princeps Rakoczi. Particum Regni Hungariae Dominus & Siculorum Comes, Regni Hungariae Pro Libertate Confoederatorum Statuum necnon Munkacsiensis & Makoviczensis Dux, Perpetuus Comes de Saros; Dominus in Patak, Tokaj, Regécz, Ecsed, Somlyó, Lednicze, Szerencs, Onod.'' His name is historically also spelled Rákóczy, in Hungarian: ''II. Rákóczi Ferenc'', in Slovak: ''František II. Rákoci'', in German: ''Franz II. Rákóczi'', in Croatian: Franjo II. Rakoci. ==Childhood== He was the richest landlord in the Kingdom of Hungary and was the count (''comes perpetuus'') of the ''Comitatus Sarossiensis'' (in Hungarian ''Sáros'') from 1694 on. He was the third of three children born to Francis I Rákóczi, elected ruling prince of Transylvania, and Zrínyi Ilona, who was the daughter of Zrínyi Péter, Ban of Croatia, and niece of the poet Zrínyi Miklós. His grandfather and great-grandfather, both called George, were Princes of Transylvania. He had a brother, George, who died as a baby before Francis was born, and a sister, Julianna, who was four years older than Ferenc. His father died when Ferenc II was four months old. Upon Ferenc I's death, his widow requested guardianship of her children; however, the advisors of Emperor Leopold I insisted that he retain guardianship of both Ferenc and his sister, especially as Ferenc I had willed this before death. Despite further difficulties, Zrínyi Ilona was able to raise her children, while the Emperor retained legal guardianship. The family lived in the castle of Munkács (today ''Mukacheve'', in Ukraine), Sárospatak and Regéc until 1680, when Ferenc’s paternal grandmother, Sofia Báthory, died. Then, they moved permanently into the castle of Munkács. Rákóczi retained strong affection for this place throughout his life. Aside from his mother, Rákóczi's key educators were György Kőrössy, castellan to the family, and János Badinyi. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Francis II Rákóczi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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